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Glossary

The words we use, defined once.

122 terms from AI automation, internal tools and the operations they change, in plain English. Each links to the page where it does its work.

A

Ageing

Overdue receivables grouped by how late they are: 30, 60, 90 days and beyond.

Function: Finance and accounting
Agent

An AI step that reads, decides within set limits and acts, with a person reviewing anything outside them.

Role: Founders and CEOs
Approval chain

The ordered list of people who must agree before a request is final.

Use case: Approval workflows
Approval step

A point in a workflow where a named person must accept before money moves or an entry posts.

Role: CFOs and finance directors
Approval workflow

Routing a decision to the right person with the context, and recording the outcome.

Function: Back office
Arrears

Rent overdue from a tenant, tracked by stage from first reminder to formal notice.

Industry: Real estate
Attribution

Joining a sale to the message or campaign that led to it.

Function: Marketing
Audit trail

A record of who changed what, when and why, that cannot be edited after the fact.

Function: Compliance and risk
Automation Audit

SBD’s first stage: one to two weeks with the people who do the work, ending in a costed blueprint ranked by payback. It costs $500 and is credited to the build.

Audit
Automation estate

Every workflow, script and integration the business depends on, listed with an owner.

Function: IT
Automation register

A list of every automation in the business, with its owner, purpose and the systems it touches.

Role: COOs and heads of operations
Avoidable contact

A ticket that would not exist if the customer had been told something at the right moment.

Role: Heads of customer support

B

Blueprint

The written scope that follows the audit: the workflows, data and screens to build, the acceptance tests, and one fixed price.

Blueprint
Business associate agreement

A contract under HIPAA in the United States that sets how a vendor handles protected health information. GDPR has an equivalent, the data processing agreement.

Industry: Healthcare

C

Care plan

A monthly support tier after go-live covering monitoring, fixes and small changes, from $50 a month.

Pricing
Channel manager

Software that keeps availability and rates in step across direct and third-party booking channels.

Industry: Hospitality and travel
Channel stock

The quantity shown for sale on each channel, which must agree with the warehouse.

Industry: Distribution and logistics
Client portal

A secure website where each customer sees only their own records and files.

Use case: Client portals
Close

The work of finalising the books for a period so the numbers can be trusted.

Function: Finance and accounting
Closed-won

The CRM stage that marks a deal as signed, and the usual trigger for onboarding.

Use case: Customer onboarding
Closed-won handoff

Everything delivery needs, created automatically the moment a deal is marked won.

Function: Sales and RevOps
Confidence line

The score above which the system acts on its own and below which it asks a person.

Function: Customer support
Control

A rule the business follows, with evidence that it was followed.

Function: Compliance and risk
Credit hold

A rule that stops new orders when a customer passes an agreed overdue limit.

Industry: Distribution and logistics
Cross-reference

A table that maps a customer’s or manufacturer’s part codes to your own items.

Use case: Quote generation

D

Data consolidation

Bringing data from several tools into one store with consistent definitions.

Use case: Weekly reporting
Days sales outstanding

How many days of sales are sitting unpaid in receivables on average.

Use case: Order to cash
Decision log

A record of every classification and routing choice the system made, with its score, so accuracy can be checked.

Role: Heads of customer support
Delegation

Passing approval authority to someone else for a set period, usually while away.

Use case: Approval workflows
Deprovisioning

Removing those accounts and access when the person leaves or changes role.

Use case: Employee onboarding
Dispatch event

The moment goods are marked ready, used to generate documents and notify everyone.

Industry: Manufacturing
Document intake

Turning a PDF, photo or email into a validated record automatically.

Function: Back office
Donor record

The single entry for a supporter that holds their gifts, consents, communications and relationship history.

Industry: Nonprofits and charities
Drift

A metric moving past a line you set, before it becomes a month-end surprise.

Function: Leadership

E

Employee record

The single place that holds who a person is, their role, manager, documents and leave.

Role: HR and people leads
Engagement letter

The agreement that sets the scope, fees and terms of a client relationship.

Industry: Professional services
Enquiry to enrolment rate

The share of enquiries that become enrolled learners, usually measured per intake.

Industry: Education and training
Enrichment

Adding company and contact details to a lead from outside sources so it can be scored and routed.

Role: Heads of sales and RevOps
Event-driven

A message sent because something happened, not because a date arrived.

Function: Marketing
Evidence

Proof a control ran, captured automatically rather than gathered before an audit.

Function: Compliance and risk

F

Field-level confidence

A score for each extracted value, so one doubtful field can be checked without redoing the rest.

Use case: Document extraction
Forward deployed engineer

An engineer who works inside a client’s company, alongside leadership and the teams doing the work, observes how the work runs, then builds and rolls out the tools, automations and AI that change it.

Forward deployed engineers
Funder report

The periodic return a grant maker requires, usually outputs, outcomes and spend against the agreed budget.

Industry: Nonprofits and charities

G

Gated catalogue

Products and prices visible only to approved accounts.

Use case: Client portals

H

Handbook assistant

An assistant that answers policy questions from your own documents and cites them.

Function: HR and people
Handover note

The record of what was sold and promised, passed from sales to the team who delivers it.

Use case: Customer onboarding
Human in the loop

A step where a person approves, edits or rejects what an automation or AI agent proposes before it acts, used wherever a mistake would be costly.

AI agents
Human triage queue

Where tickets the system is unsure about wait, with its suggestion and score shown.

Use case: Ticket triage
Hypercare

The period straight after go-live when the builder watches the workflow closely and fixes issues fast.

Role: COOs and heads of operations

I

Idempotency

The property that running the same step twice has the same effect as running it once, so a retry never creates a duplicate record or payment.

Integrations
Intake

A group of learners starting a course or programme at the same time.

Industry: Education and training
Intelligent document processing

Reading documents of varying layout into structured data using models rather than fixed templates.

Use case: Document extraction
Involuntary churn

Customers lost because a payment failed rather than because they chose to cancel.

Industry: SaaS
Item master

The list of every product or part you sell, with codes, descriptions and units, held in your ERP.

Use case: Quote generation

J

Joiner, mover, leaver

The three moments in employment when access, equipment and records must change.

Role: HR and people leads

K

Knowledge assistant

An assistant that answers from your own documents and cites them.

Industry: Consulting and agencies
KYC

Know your customer: the checks a regulated firm makes to confirm who a customer is, usually identity and address documents plus screening.

Industry: Lending, insurance and financial services

L

Lead response time

The time from an enquiry arriving to the first useful reply.

Industry: Real estate
Lead scoring

A number from 0 to 100 that says how closely a lead matches the customers you win, with a confidence figure beside it.

Function: Sales and RevOps
Least privilege

Each account has only the access its job needs.

Function: IT

M

Matter

A single piece of client work, with its own documents, deadlines, time and billing.

Industry: Professional services
Metric definition

A written rule for how a number is calculated and from which source.

Use case: Weekly reporting
Micro-SaaS

A small, focused software product with its own users and billing, built for one job. SBD builds them from $10,000.

Pricing
Minimum operating price (MOP)

The lowest price a brand allows a product to be sold at. Price trackers flag listings below it as breaches.

Price tracker
MRR

Monthly recurring revenue: the normalised monthly value of active subscriptions.

Industry: SaaS

N

No-show rate

The share of booked appointments where the patient did not attend or cancel in time.

Industry: Healthcare

O

Offboarding

Removing access and recovering equipment on the day someone leaves, with a record of what was done.

Function: HR and people
Onboarding

Everything between a signed proposal and a productive first week with the client.

Industry: Consulting and agencies
Order to cash

Every step from receiving an order to the payment being received and reconciled.

Use case: Order to cash
Oversell

Selling a unit on one channel that another channel already sold, because stock was not synced.

Industry: Service and e-commerce

P

Payout

The batch of orders, fees and refunds a platform pays out together, which is what the bank sees.

Industry: Service and e-commerce
Per-channel mapping

Translating one product record into each marketplace's titles, categories and image rules.

Industry: Service and e-commerce
PMS

Property management system: the record of rooms, bookings, guests and folios for a hotel or accommodation provider.

Industry: Hospitality and travel
Pre-send check

A test that stops a report if data is missing or a figure is implausible.

Use case: Weekly reporting
Price book

The scopes and prices you sell most, kept in one place so proposals are assembled rather than written.

Industry: Consulting and agencies
Proactive status

Telling the customer what happened before they ask.

Function: Customer support
Production record

One entry per batch or shift: what was made, on which line, with what scrap and downtime.

Industry: Manufacturing
Progress claim

An invoice for work completed to date on a staged job, rather than a single final invoice.

Industry: Construction and trades
Proof of delivery

Evidence a delivery was made: photo, signature, time and location, attached to the order.

Industry: Distribution and logistics
Provisioning

Creating the accounts and access a person needs for their role.

Use case: Employee onboarding

R

Re-keying

Typing information that already exists in another system.

Function: Back office
Reconciliation

Matching money that arrived to the invoices it paid, and listing what does not match.

Function: Finance and accounting
Record of truth

The one place a fact lives. Everything else reads from it.

Function: Operations
Reorder flag

A signal raised when stock crosses a threshold, with the supplier and lead time attached.

Function: Operations
Reorder point

The stock level at which a new order should be placed, set from typical sales and the supplier lead time.

Industry: Retail and wholesale
Restricted fund

Money given for a specific purpose, which must be tracked and reported separately from general income.

Industry: Nonprofits and charities
Review queue

Where records that a workflow cannot handle are sent, with the context attached, for a person to decide.

Role: COOs and heads of operations
RevOps

Revenue operations: the systems, data and processes behind marketing, sales and customer success, run as one.

Role: Heads of sales and RevOps
RFQ

Request for quotation: a customer asking for prices on specific items and quantities.

Use case: Quote generation
Round robin

Assigning leads to a group of reps in rotation so the load stays even.

Use case: Lead routing
Row-level access

Filtering every query by who is logged in, so users see only their own records.

Use case: Client portals
Runbook

One page per system: what it does, what each alert means, what to do first.

Function: IT

S

Safety buffer

Units held back from a channel so slow syncs do not sell the last item twice.

Use case: Inventory sync
Sales progression

Moving a deal from accepted offer to completion: checks, surveys, contracts and deadlines.

Industry: Real estate
Service account

An account owned by the organisation rather than a person, used so workflows survive staff changes.

Role: CIOs and IT leads
Shadow IT

Software and automations the business uses without IT knowing or approving them.

Role: CIOs and IT leads
Snag list

A list of defects or unfinished items found at inspection that must be fixed before handover.

Industry: Construction and trades
Source of truth

The one system whose stock figure every other system copies.

Use case: Inventory sync
Source record

The operational record, such as a dispatch or completed job, that a financial entry is created from.

Role: CFOs and finance directors
Speed to lead

The time between a lead arriving and the first human-quality reply. Under five minutes converts several times better than under an hour.

Function: Sales and RevOps
Stock variance

The difference between what the system says and what is on the shelf.

Industry: Manufacturing
Straight-through processing

A document that goes from arrival to record with no person touching it.

Use case: Document extraction
Student information system

The system of record for learners, enrolments, attendance and results.

Industry: Education and training
Subject access request

A request from a person for the personal data an organisation holds about them.

Role: HR and people leads
Supplier confirmation

Written acceptance from a transport, guide, venue or catering supplier that a booked service will be delivered.

Industry: Hospitality and travel
System of record

The one place a fact about a customer, order or job lives, which every other tool reads from.

Role: Founders and CEOs

T

The Monday note

A short written summary of what changed last week and what needs a decision.

Function: Leadership
Three-way match

Checking that the invoice, the purchase order and the goods receipt agree on items, quantities and prices before paying.

Use case: Invoice processing
Time to first value

How long a new customer takes to reach the moment the product proves useful.

Industry: SaaS
Time to kickoff

Days between a customer committing and the first working session with them.

Use case: Customer onboarding
Tolerance

The difference in price or quantity you accept before an invoice becomes an exception.

Use case: Invoice processing
Touchless invoice

An invoice captured, matched, approved and posted without anyone editing it.

Use case: Invoice processing
Trade portal

A gated site where approved business customers see their own prices, live stock and order status, and place orders.

Industry: Retail and wholesale
Triage

Deciding what a ticket is, how urgent it is, and who should handle it, before a person reads it.

Function: Customer support

U

Unbilled work

Work delivered that has not yet been invoiced. A leak that automation makes visible.

Role: CFOs and finance directors
Underwriting pack

The assembled application, documents and figures an underwriter reviews before making a decision.

Industry: Lending, insurance and financial services
Upsert

Write a record by its key: update it if it exists, create it if it does not. The basis of syncs that survive retries.

Integrations

V

Variation

A change to the agreed scope of work, usually extra work, that should be priced and approved before it is done.

Industry: Construction and trades
Vibe-coded app

An application generated largely by AI coding tools, often shipped without a review of security, data handling or failure modes.

Harden

W

Waitlist backfill

Offering a cancelled slot to waiting patients automatically, in order.

Industry: Healthcare
Work in progress

Time recorded on a matter that has not yet been billed.

Industry: Professional services

Glossary

Know the words. Now see the work.

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